Market Intelligence · for accredited & institutional investors
MAS Capital Markets Services Licence no. CMS101936 · Fund Management
11 OCTOBER 2026 · MARKET INTELLIGENCE · MI-050 · PUBLIC EDITION

The other 490: cheaper, not broken

  • What happened? Since the Iran war began in late February, the S&P 500 has set records, yet just over half of its stocks fell.
  • What did we check? The 490 companies outside the ten giants.
  • Are their profits falling? Mostly not: main street’s grew about 9%.
  • So what fell? Their valuation: the price investors will pay for those profits.
  • Why does it matter? It decides what it would take for the rest of the market to catch up.

Where we stand. Most of the market is cheaper, not broken.

  • The split: since 27 February, the last trading day before the US–Israel strikes on Iran, the S&P 500 is up 13.5%. Yet just over half of its stocks are lower.
  • No single “rest”:
    • 54 chip, hardware and power-equipment makers inside the 490: up about 87% this year
    • 10 AI software and security firms: up about 30%
    • Oil and gas: up 45%
    • The other 405 companies (“main street”, about 43% of the index): roughly flat (+0.5%)
  • Not a profit recession: main street’s profits rose about 9% over the past year. Four in five companies grew.
  • A valuation squeeze: investors pay about 19 times profits for them, down from 21 in January. A 10-year US yield above 5% is the main weight.
  • Real pain in two corners: housing and the squeezed shopper.
  • For investors: the rest can catch up without waiting for an economic turn. First they need lower long-term interest rates, and that trigger is not on today.

Inside: how to read the numbers · the 490 split into groups · where it hurts, with household names · the profit check · inside software, financials, and health, industry, materials and media, with this month’s results to watch · what it says about the US economy · how past narrow markets ended · four ways the gap can close · the one number to watch · what it means for portfolios.

HOW TO READ THE NUMBERS
  • S&P 500 (cap-weighted): the index everyone quotes. The top ten names are about 40% of it, so it tells you how the giants did.
  • S&P 500 Equal Weight: the same 500 names at 0.2% each, so it tells you how the average constituent did.
  • Breadth: how many constituents are up and how many are down over a period.
  • Bullish Percent Index: the share of stocks whose own chart is in an uptrend
    • Each stock is marked “buy” or “sell” by a simple point-and-figure rule; every stock counts once
    • Above 70: most are already rising; little fuel left
    • Below 30: most have broken down; selling may be largely done
    • The signal is the turn out of a zone, not the level
    • Today: a reading of about 28: 1,313 of 4,756 US stocks (27.6%) are in a chart uptrend, about seven in ten in a downtrend (thetrading.tools, 9 October close), inside the oversold zone below 30
    • “Buy” and “sell” here are chart signals, not analysts’ ratings
  • “The 490” = the companies left after removing the ten largest (492 share lines; a few firms list two classes of share). The ten largest today are the chip, cloud and platform giants, plus Berkshire Hathaway.
1 · THE SPLIT
  • S&P 500: +13.5%
  • S&P 500 Equal Weight: +3.9%
  • Breadth: just over half lower
27 Feb (last close before the Iran war) to 9 Oct, price only
2 · WHO CARRIED IT
  • The ten largest are about 40% of the index
  • They delivered 63% of its gain since 27 February
  • And 45% of this year’s gain
3 · HOW WIDE
  • 42% of S&P 500 stocks are lower this year
  • 38% are more than 20% below their 12-month high
  • Fewer than half trade above their 200-day average
4 · THE SURPRISE
  • 405 “main street” companies:
  • profits +9% over the past year
  • share prices +0.5% this year
  • valuation: 21× → 19× profits

The scoreboard: a record index, most stocks left behind

S&P 500, S&P 500 Equal Weight and breadth (price change, %)SINCE 27 FEB, THE LAST CLOSE BEFORE THE IRAN WARS&P 500+13.5%S&P 500 Equal Weight+3.9%Breadth: 257 of 499 S&P 500 stocks are lower (51.5%)THIS YEAR, 31 DEC TO 9 OCTS&P 500+14.2%S&P 500 Equal Weight+11.2%Breadth: 212 of 499 S&P 500 stocks are lower (42.5%)FMP closes to 9 Oct 2026; dividends excluded.
Same market, two indices. Since 27 February the S&P 500 has beaten the S&P 500 Equal Weight by about ten points, and just over half of all S&P 500 stocks are lower.
THE THREE NUMBERS, SINCE 27 FEBRUARY
  • S&P 500 (cap-weighted): +13.5%. How the giants did.
  • S&P 500 Equal Weight: +3.9%. How the average constituent did.
  • Breadth: 257 of 499 constituents are lower, just over half. This year, 212 (about four in ten).
  • The read: a ten-point gap between the first two, and negative breadth, means the index is being carried by a few.
  • The gap opened with the war. The S&P 500 Equal Weight peaked against the S&P 500 on 27 February and has lost about 9% against it since.
  • Through oil and rates: the war lifted oil, inflation expectations and bond yields, which squeezed main street harder than the giants. It is not the only cause: the AI boom and the Fed’s September rate rise played their part.
  • The S&P 500 Equal Weight is at its weakest against the S&P 500 in 23 years: the September month-end reading was the lowest since the equal-weight fund began in 2003.
  • Not new, only deeper: the S&P 500 Equal Weight has trailed the S&P 500 since 2014, with a sharp step down from 2023.
The S&P 500 Equal Weight against the S&P 500 (end-2014 = 100)708090100200320052007200920112013201520172019202120232025Feb-26Sep-2610086767770Alpha Vantage monthly closes incl. dividends (RSP, SPY); December each year, plus Feb and Sep 2026. Our arithmetic.
A decade of the big getting bigger. The line falls when the S&P 500 beats the S&P 500 Equal Weight. On year-end readings it peaked at the end of 2014 and is now about 30% lower. The two big recoveries came after the 2008–09 crash and in 2022, when rising rates hit the largest companies hardest.

The 490 are three markets, not one

GroupCompaniesShare of S&P 500 valuePrice, this yearPrice, since 27 Feb
The ten largest1040%+16%+23%
AI hardware and power chain
chips, servers, optics, data storage, network gear and power equipment
5411%+87%+55%
AI software and security
cybersecurity, AI and data tools, Oracle
103%+30%+63%
Oil and gas213%+45%+17%
“Main street”: everyone else40543%+0.5%−2.1%

Weighted by size; FMP market values and prices, 9 October; dividends excluded. Main street = 407 share lines.

  • The fact against the easy story: measured by size, the 490 rose about 13% this year, not far behind the giants’ 16%. That total hides two booms.
  • The AI boom runs well beyond ten stocks:
    • Chips and chipmaking equipment: Marvell +224% · AMD +184% · Intel +184% · Applied Materials +97% · Lam Research +86%
    • Optics, the fibre and lasers that carry data between AI chips: Lumentum +199% · Ciena +92% · Corning +79% · Coherent +69%
    • Servers, networking and storage: Sandisk +566% · Dell +366% · Seagate +184% · Arista Networks +65% · Cisco +54%
    • Power for data centres: Bloom Energy +223% · Quanta Services +67% · GE Vernova +54% · Vertiv +50% · Eaton +35%
    • AI software and security: Fortinet +145% · CrowdStrike +135% · Palo Alto Networks +127% · Datadog +116%
  • Oil’s windfall: Marathon Petroleum +180% · Valero +166% · Exxon Mobil +40% · Chevron +39%
  • Main street is the real “rest”: 405 companies; half are lower this year.
Share prices this year, by group (weighted by size, %)AI hardware & power chain54 firms · ~11% of index+86.9%Oil and gas21 firms · ~3%+45.1%AI software & security10 firms · ~3%+29.8%The ten largest10 firms · ~40%+16.1%Health, industry, materials, media~166 firms · ~19%+5.1%Household spending76 firms · ~7%+1.6%Financials72 firms · ~10%0%Rate-sensitive: utilities, property, housing67 firms · ~4%−3.5%AI’s suspected victims: software, services, data24 firms · ~2%−22.1%FMP; 31 Dec 2025 to 9 Oct 2026; dividends excluded. Grouping method at the end.
The spread inside “the rest”: from +87% for the hardware and power chain to −22% for the services and software firms the market fears AI will replace.

Inside main street: where it hurts, in household names

CornerShare price this year · profits, latest quarter vs a year agoWhat is going on
Housing
  • Home Depot −16% · profits +5%
  • Lowe’s −23% · +2%
  • Lennar −25% · −39%
  • NVR −19% · −23%
  • Mortgages near 7.4%
  • Fewer buyers
  • Builders’ profits falling
The squeezed shopper
  • Nike −46% · −2% (sales −4%)
  • Lululemon −55% · −6%
  • General Mills −31% · −13%
  • McDonald’s −23% · +6%
  • PepsiCo −12% · +2%
  • Petrol ~US$4.35, up ~US$1.20 on a year ago
  • Consumer mood near record lows
  • Shoppers trade down: Walmart flat, Costco +10%, Target +57%
  • Profits falling in pockets
Bond-like shares
  • Since 27 Feb: Duke Energy −11% · profits +14%
  • Southern Company −12% · +24%
  • NextEra Energy −18% · +10%
  • Realty Income −19%
  • Steady payers trade like bonds
  • Yields up, prices down
  • A valuation story, not a profit story
Doubted futures: disrupted
  • Adobe −31% · +15%
  • Intuit −54% · +47%
  • IBM −23% · +5%
  • Accenture −22% · +9%
  • Booking −25% · +14%
  • Uber −13% · +29%
  • Fear: AI tools do their work (software, consulting)
  • AI agents book travel without Booking.com
  • Robotaxis could bypass Uber
  • Accenture fell 18% in one day (18 Jun) after cutting its outlook
  • Profits up; the doubt is about the future
Doubted futures: maturing
  • Netflix −25% · +11% (sales +13%)
  • Fighting YouTube and social media for viewers’ time
  • July forecast disappointed
  • Growth runway shortening
For contrast: doing fine
  • Visa +10% · Mastercard +3%
  • JPMorgan +3% · Citigroup +11%
  • Coca-Cola +26% · Costco +10%
  • Eli Lilly +10% · UnitedHealth +15%
  • Prices moving with profits
  • Main street is not all down

Prices: FMP, 31 Dec 2025 (or 27 Feb, where marked) to 9 Oct 2026. Profits: adjusted earnings per share, latest reported quarter vs the same quarter a year earlier, via FMP. Reasons given are the market’s widely reported concerns, not our forecasts.

Recession or re-rating? The profit check

Valuations fell behind profits: share price this year vs profits over the past 12 monthsShare price, this yearProfits, past 12 months vs a year beforeRate-sensitive: utilities, property, housingvaluation 22.7× → 20.8×−4%+5%Household spending23.9× → 22.4×+2%+9%AI’s suspected victims22.7× → 16.7×−22%+6%Financials18.2× → 15.6×0%+17%Health, industry, materials, media21.4× → 21.2×+5%+5%All of main street (405 firms)21.1× → 19.4×+0%+9%For contrast: AI hardware & power chain30.4× → 39.6×+87%+43%For contrast: AI software & security46.1× → 50.3×+30%+19%FMP. Profits = adjusted earnings per share companies report, last four quarters vs the four to end-2025, summed by size.
Read each pair top to bottom. Navy is the share price; gold is profit growth. Where gold is longer than navy, investors pay less for each dollar of profit than in January. Only the two AI groups show the reverse.
  • Profits held up; valuations did not.
    • Main street profits: +9% over the past year
    • Main street share prices: +0.5% this year
    • Valuation: about 21× → 19× profits
  • Four in five grew.
    • Half of main-street companies grew profits by about 9% or more over the past four quarters
    • 81% grew
  • A second source agrees.
    • FactSet, a company-profit data firm: S&P 500 companies outside the seven largest tech names grew profits 31.8% in the second quarter
    • That group includes the chip and oil booms
  • But growth is slowing.
    • Main street: half are expected to grow profits by about 7% or more this quarter
    • Household names +5% · bond-like shares +4%
    • FactSet sector forecasts (9 Oct): staples +3.1% · financials +3.0% · health care +4.2% · utilities +7.0%
    • Against: technology +65% · energy +121%
  • The stretched valuations are not where most people look.
    • The ten giants: valuation fell this year, as profits outran prices (helped by one-off gains on stakes in AI labs at two of them)
    • The AI hardware and power chain inside the 490: about 30× → 40×
    • AI software and security: about 46× → 50×; cybersecurity alone about 57× → 115×
  • The widest gap: AI’s suspected victims.
    • Profits rose about 6%; share prices fell about 22%, a 28-point gap
    • Valuation cut by about a quarter (22.7× → 16.7×), the deepest of any group
    • The market is marking down their future, not their present

Inside software and services: the market is sorting, not dumping

Software and services: share prices this year (weighted by size, %)Cybersecurityprofits +15% · valuation 57× → 115×+133%AI and data toolsprofits +26% · valuation ~82×, unchanged+27%Data, ratings, credit scoresprofits +11% · 33× → 23×−21%IT services and consultingprofits +7% · 22× → 16×−23%Software sold per userprofits +24% · 26× → 16×−24%Oracleprofits +17% · 28× → 18×−27%FMP. Profits = adjusted EPS, past 12 months vs a year before; valuation = P/E, January → now.
One industry, two verdicts. Profits grew in every group; the share prices split on who AI is expected to help and who it is expected to replace.
  • AI is splitting software in two.
    • Rewarded: cybersecurity +133% · AI and data tools +27%
    • Punished: software sold per user −24% · IT services −23% · data and ratings −21% · Oracle −27%
  • The widest gap: software sold per user.
    • Salesforce · ServiceNow · Workday · Adobe · Intuit · Autodesk
    • Profits +24%, share prices −24%; valuation 26× → 16×
    • The fear: AI agents shrink the number of people who need a licence
  • Cybersecurity is priced for perfection.
    • CrowdStrike · Palo Alto Networks · Fortinet: valuation about 57× → 115× on profits +15%
    • The view: more AI means more to defend
  • Results to watch:
    • IBM 21 Oct · Fortinet, ServiceNow 28 Oct · Palantir 2 Nov · Datadog 5 Nov
    • Workday, Autodesk 24 Nov · CrowdStrike 1 Dec · Salesforce 2 Dec · Oracle, Adobe 9 Dec · Accenture 17 Dec
    • Analysts expect (median, vs a year ago): per-user software +10% · cybersecurity +16% · IT services +4%
    • The test: per-user software still growing sales would say the sell-off went too far; cybersecurity needs clear beats to hold 100×

Inside financials: higher rates help some, hurt others

Financials: share prices this year (weighted by size, %)Custody and trading platformsprofits +23% · 20× → 21×+31%Life insurersprofits +9% · ~10×+11%Card networksprofits +14% · 33× → 30×+7%Property and casualty insurersprofits +37% · 12× → 9×+4%Regional banksprofits +3% · ~13×+2%Brokers and investment banksprofits +26% · 20× → 16×+2%Big banksprofits +18% · 16× → 13.5×+1%Exchangesprofits +14% · 26× → 23×−3%Payment processorsprofits +2% · 12× → 11×−11%Insurance brokersprofits +8% · 21× → 17×−13%Card lendersprofits +9% · 17× → 13×−17%Alternative managersprofits +10% · 25× → 17×−25%FMP; excludes Berkshire Hathaway (one of the ten largest). Profits = adjusted EPS, past 12 months vs a year before.
Same rates, opposite effects. Businesses paid on balances and busy markets rose; those tied to deal-making, private credit and the squeezed shopper fell.
  • Financials as a whole: cheaper, not broken.
    • 72 companies, about 10% of the index
    • Share prices flat this year (+8% since 27 February); profits +17%
    • Valuation 18× → 16×
  • Helped by high rates and busy markets:
    • Custody and trading platforms (BNY, State Street, Northern Trust, Interactive Brokers): +31%
    • Life insurers (MetLife +25%): +11%; they earn more on new bonds
  • Hurt:
    • Alternative managers (Blackstone, KKR, Apollo): −25%; withdrawal requests at private-credit funds and exposure to AI data centres
    • Card lenders (American Express, Capital One, Synchrony): −17%; the squeezed shopper
    • Payment processors (Fiserv, PayPal, FIS): −11%; profits barely growing, a business problem rather than an AI one
  • Results to watch, starting this week:
    • 13 Oct: JPMorgan · Wells Fargo · Citigroup · Goldman Sachs
    • 14 Oct: Bank of America · Morgan Stanley · State Street · Progressive
    • 15 Oct: Schwab · BNY · US Bancorp · PNC
    • 20–23 Oct: Capital One, Synchrony (20) · Blackstone (22) · American Express (23)
    • Analysts expect (vs a year ago): JPMorgan +17% · Citigroup +42% · Wells Fargo +7% · Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley +5% · Bank of America +4%
    • The test: whether trading and deal fees hold up as higher rates slow deals, and whether card losses start to rise

Inside health, industry, materials and media: four different stories

Health, industry, materials and media: share prices this year (weighted by size, %)Miners and steelprofits +56% · 22× → 18.5×+34%Big pharmaprofits flat · 20× → 24.5×+19%Health insurersprofits flat · 13× → 15×+17%Building and equipmentprofits +9% · 26× → 28×+16.5%Transportprofits +3% · 19.5× → 21.5×+15%Lab tools and diagnosticsprofits +7% · 27× → 28×+12%Chemicalsprofits +8% · ~24×+10%Aerospace and defenceprofits +16% · 32.5× → 27×−5%Entertainmentprofits +10% · 27× → 20×−15%Cable and telecomsprofits −2% · 10× → 9×−16%Medical devicesprofits +6% · 26× → 20×−19%FMP. Profits = adjusted EPS, past 12 months vs a year before; valuation = P/E, January → now.
Hope, building and metals up; devices, defence and media down. Healthcare and transport rose further than their profits; miners rose with theirs.
  • The group as a whole:
    • 166 companies, about 19% of the index
    • Share prices +5% this year; profits +5%; valuation unchanged at about 21×
  • Healthcare: on the mend, on hope more than profits.
    • Big pharma +19% (Merck +38% · Amgen +27% · J&J +26% · AbbVie +21%): profits flat, partly after deal charges; valuation 20× → 24.5×; Eli Lilly’s sales +48% (Mounjaro, Zepbound)
    • Why: drug-pricing deals with the White House (December 2025) came with a three-year pause on threatened drug tariffs; new approvals and trial wins lifted hopes (Merck’s cholesterol pill)
    • Health insurers +17% (Humana +68% · Centene +59% · UnitedHealth +15%): higher 2027 Medicare payment rates (April), better plan ratings at Humana (9 October), higher marketplace premiums at Centene
    • Medical devices −19% (Boston Scientific −55% · Intuitive Surgical −25% · Abbott −21% · Stryker −21%): profits +6%, valuation 26× → 20×; Boston Scientific warned in May that Watchman heart-implant sales may stall; Intuitive’s US procedure growth slowed from 14% to 12%
    • One sector, opposite earnings: an insurer’s claims are a device maker’s sales. Insurers are repairing margins (UnitedHealth spent 86.7% of premiums on care, down from 89.4%); device makers still grow, but investors pay less for that growth
  • Industry: paid for building, not for defence.
    • Building and equipment +17%: Caterpillar +40% (second-quarter construction sales +35%; strong data-centre demand for its generators and turbines) · Deere +33% · United Rentals +31%
    • Transport +15%: CSX +30% · FedEx +25% · Union Pacific +20%; UPS −5%
    • Aerospace and defence −5%, despite the war: Northrop −16% · Boeing −12%; profits +16%, valuation 32.5× → 27×
    • Demand is not the problem: GE Aerospace raised its guidance (second-quarter revenue +24%) and Northrop’s order book is a record US$105bn. The fall is in the price paid, not the business
  • Materials: real profit growth.
    • Miners and steel +34%: Nucor +53% · Freeport-McMoRan +45% · Newmont +18%; profits +56%
    • Driven by prices more than volumes: Nucor expects third-quarter profit per share of about US$5.60, double a year ago, on higher steel prices; Freeport expects copper above US$6.50 a pound. Cheap valuations here rest on metal prices that may not last
    • Part of it is an AI story too: copper wires data centres and the power grid that feeds them, and Linde supplies gases to chip plants. Like Caterpillar, these are AI beneficiaries that sit outside our AI groups, so the AI boom is, if anything, understated in our figures
    • Chemicals steadier at +10% (Linde +13%)
  • Media and telecoms: broadly weak.
    • Cable and telecoms −16%: Charter −50% · T-Mobile −27% · Comcast −26%; Verizon +2%
    • Cable is losing customers (Charter: 172,000 fewer internet customers in the second quarter). A new threat for mobile: on 9 October SpaceX agreed to buy nationwide airwaves (about US$8bn), and T-Mobile, Verizon and AT&T fell 5–7%
    • Entertainment −15%: Netflix −25% · Disney −5%; Live Nation +20%; Netflix still grows (second-quarter sales +13%), but its outlook disappointed
  • Results to watch:
    • 13 Oct: Johnson & Johnson · UnitedHealth
    • 20–22 Oct: GE Aerospace, RTX, Northrop, Intuitive Surgical, Netflix (20) · Abbott, Elevance, Thermo Fisher, CSX, AT&T (21) · Lockheed Martin, Union Pacific, Newmont, Comcast (22)
    • 26–30 Oct: Nucor (26) · Freeport-McMoRan, Centene, Boeing (27) · Boston Scientific (28) · Merck, Eli Lilly (29) · AbbVie (30); Caterpillar 4 Nov
    • Analysts expect (median, vs a year ago): big pharma −11% · health insurers −13% · building and equipment +13% · miners and steel +78%
    • The test across the group: is a lower valuation paying for a passing setback (devices, defence, Netflix) or for lasting damage (cable)? And can healthcare’s higher valuation be earned in results?

What the 490 say about the US economy

  • A two-speed economy: a spending boom in data centres, power and chips, plus an oil windfall, beside a household under pressure.
  • The household:
    • Petrol about US$4.35 a gallon, ~US$1.23 more than a year ago (US Energy Information Administration, 5 Oct)
    • Consumer mood 46.3 (University of Michigan, early Oct), near May’s record low of 44.8; buying conditions for big-ticket goods “plummeted amid high prices and borrowing costs”
    • Confidence 81.9 in September, the lowest since April 2014 (Conference Board)
    • 30-year mortgage 7.40% (Freddie Mac, 8 Oct)
  • Jobs:
    • Hiring has nearly stopped: 29,000 jobs added in September; unemployment 4.2%
    • Firing has not started: 197,000 new jobless claims in the week to 3 October, near this cycle’s lows
  • Business: the strongest activity in about five years (S&P Global flash purchasing managers’ index, 58.4 in September), led by the build-out.
  • So the “recession” is in two corners, housing and the squeezed shopper, not in the economy as a whole. The share market shows it more as a valuation cut than a profit cut.
  • One drag is not about the cycle at all: AI itself is the feared threat to services and software firms. Lower interest rates would not fix that.

How past narrow markets ended

Episode · what was happeningNarrow phase: S&P 500 Equal Weight vs S&P 500How it endedWhat did it
2015–16China slowdown and a surprise yuan devaluation (Aug-15); oil fell from ~US$100 to below US$30; first Fed rate rise in nearly a decade (Dec-15)Jun-15 to Feb-16: −7.6% vs −4.9%Catch-up: +20.1% vs +18.0% to Dec-16Oil bottomed; growth returned
2018Fed raising rates and shrinking its bond holdings; US–China trade war; sharp year-end sell-offSep to Dec: −13.9% vs −13.5%Everything fellThe Fed was still raising rates
2020–21Covid lockdowns; “stay-at-home” winners soared; vaccines (Nov-20) reopened the economyDec-19 to Sep-20: −4.8% vs +5.6%The biggest catch-up: +40.9% vs +26.4% to May-21Vaccine news; yields rose because growth came back
2022Inflation at a 40-year high; fastest Fed rate rises since the 1980s; Russia invades UkraineNarrow into end-2021Everything fell, leaders more: −11.6% vs −18.2%Inflation; the 10-year rose from ~1.5% to ~4%
2023ChatGPT sparks the AI rally and the “Magnificent Seven”; US regional bank failures (Mar-23); the 10-year touches 5%Jul to Oct: −11.9% vs −8.3%Catch-up, two months: +16.6% vs +14.1% to Dec-23The 10-year peaked near 5% and fell
2024–25AI boom broadens; a yen-funded trade unwinds (Aug-24); China’s DeepSeek shakes the AI leaders (Jan-25); US “Liberation Day” tariffs (Apr-25)Narrow into mid-2024 and into Jan-25Brief catch-ups, then falls together (Aug-24, Apr-25)Rate-cut hopes; then the yen trade and tariffs
2026 (now)US–Israel war with Iran from 28 Feb; Brent oil above US$100; the Fed raising rates again (Sep); AI build-out at full speedFeb to Sep: +2.7% vs +12.0%Not yetYields rising on oil, inflation and government borrowing

Equal-weight S&P 500 fund (RSP) vs S&P 500 fund (SPY), month-end closes including dividends (Alpha Vantage); our arithmetic.

  • Narrow markets did not end on their own. Something from outside closed each one: a growth surprise, a peak in bond yields, or a fall.
  • Yields decided the direction.
    • Gap closed upward (the rest caught up) when yields peaked (2023), or rose because growth improved (2016, 2020–21)
    • Gap closed downward (everything fell) when yields rose on inflation or Fed hikes (2018, 2022)
    • Today’s rise is the second kind: oil, inflation, government borrowing
    • The difference from 2022: main-street profits are still growing
  • In the big falls, the S&P 500 Equal Weight did no worse than the S&P 500.

Can the rest catch up? Four paths, judged against our check

PathWhat it needsOur checkThe tell
1. The rest catch upLong-term yields falling
  • Bond-like shares first: profits up, valuation down ~8%
  • Needs the 10-year below 5%
  • Not on today
Bullish Percent turns up from below 30; the S&P 500 Equal Weight beats the S&P 500
2. Leaders fall, the rest hold
2000–01 shape
The AI build-out slowing
  • Stretched valuations sit inside the 490 (hardware chain ~40×)
  • A stumble there hits “the 490” too
Chipmakers keep falling on good results
3. Everything falls together
2018 / 2022 shape
Yields rising on inflation or Fed hikes
  • Closest match to today’s kind of yield rise
  • In 2018 and 2022 the S&P 500 Equal Weight fell no more than the S&P 500
The VIX (fear gauge) jumps while the S&P 500 Equal Weight also falls
4. StalemateNothing from outside
  • Base case
  • Every catch-up since 2023 lasted one or two months
The gap simply persists
OUR READ
  • The rest are cheaper, not broken. For most of main street, profits are still growing.
  • So a catch-up does not need an economic turn first. It needs long-term rates to fall, while profits keep growing as they slow.
  • Today that trigger is not on: the 10-year yield is 5.24% and the Fed raised rates in September.
  • Base case: stalemate. But the gap can close fast once yields turn: in late 2023 the S&P 500 Equal Weight gained 16.6% in two months.
  • The risk to watch sits inside the 490: the AI hardware and power chain at about 40 times profits, and cybersecurity at more than 100 times.
WHAT CUTS AGAINST US
  • Forecasts are rising, not falling. Analysts raised third-quarter estimates during the quarter; a record 72 of 116 companies gave upbeat guidance (FactSet). That has tended to come before more upgrades.
  • If main-street profits speed up again, the gentle path does not need lower yields.
  • Our profit figures are companies’ own adjusted earnings. One-offs can flatter or hurt single names; we use group totals and breadth counts, not single cases.
  • A cheap share can stay cheap. In 1998–2000 the gap ran about two years before it closed.
THE ONE NUMBER TO WATCH: THE 10-YEAR US YIELD
  • Today: 5.24% (9 October), up from 4.45% in May.
  • Back below 5%: path 1 opens, first for bond-like shares, whose profits are intact.
  • Rising further on inflation news: path 3 becomes the risk, and main street’s discount deepens.
  • Why it beats any single stock signal: it sets the valuation investors pay for main street’s profits.
  • For investors outside the US: while it stays high, US dollar cash pays around 4%, a real alternative while waiting; a non-US-dollar investor carries currency moves on top.

Questions to carry forward, and what each would tell an investor

The questionWhat would answer itWhat it would mean
Does the 10-year yield fall below 5%?
Nov–Dec
US Treasury closes
  • Yes: catch-up starts with bond-like shares.
  • No: stalemate holds.
Do main-street profits hold up?
results season, 13 Oct to mid-Nov
Half of companies growing ~7% or more, as expected
  • Yes: “cheaper, not broken” stands.
  • Falling broadly: the squeeze becomes a profit recession.
Does breadth turn?
weekly
Share of US stocks in uptrends back above ~32% (now about 28%)
  • Yes: the catch-up is under way.
  • No: the gap persists.
Does petrol ease?
weekly
US pump prices back below US$4
  • Yes: relief for the squeezed shopper.
  • No: the household corner stays under pressure.
Do chipmakers keep falling on good results?
15 Oct onward
TSMC (15 Oct), then the cloud companies late October
  • A run of “beat and fall”: path 2 risk rises.
  • Beats rewarded: the boom has room.

What would change our mind

  • Main-street profits start falling broadly: a recession in the making, not a re-rating; a catch-up needs the economy to turn first.
  • Yields fall and the gap still widens: the gap is about AI winners and losers, not rates.
  • The AI chain’s profits keep outrunning its share prices: its valuation corrects without a fall.

What it means for portfolios

First, know what an index fund holds:

  • An S&P 500 fund: about 40% in ten companies, and roughly another 14% in AI hardware, software and power
  • More concentrated than its 500 names suggest

The useful question is not “giants or the rest”, but why a share has fallen. Five groups:

  • 1. Lower valuation, profits intact: first to move if yields fall
    • Who: Duke Energy · Southern Company · NextEra Energy · American Water Works · Realty Income
    • Why: steady payers whose prices follow the 10-year yield
  • 2. Profits stalling or falling: need the household to recover, not just rates
    • Housing: Home Depot · Lowe’s · Lennar
    • Shopper: Nike · Lululemon · McDonald’s · PepsiCo · General Mills
    • Why: a lower valuation alone does not make them cheap
  • 3. Doubted futures: lower rates will not fix it
    • Disrupted: Salesforce · ServiceNow · Workday · Adobe · Intuit · IBM · Accenture · Booking · Uber
    • Maturing: Netflix
    • Why: profits are growing, but the market doubts they will last
  • 4. Priced for the boom: most exposed to a stumble
    • Who: Dell · AMD · Lam Research · Applied Materials · Lumentum · Corning · Arista Networks · GE Vernova · Vertiv · Eaton · CrowdStrike · Palo Alto Networks
    • Why: profits surging, valuations rising faster (AMD about 57× → 106× this year; Lam Research 38× → 55×; Corning 37× → 55×; cybersecurity 57× → 115×)
  • 5. Moving with their profits: no catch-up needed
    • Who: Visa · Mastercard · JPMorgan · Costco · Walmart · Coca-Cola · Eli Lilly
    • Why: the debate about “the rest” does not apply to them

For most portfolios this is a map to keep in view, not a reason to trade: a set of dated tests, led by the 10-year yield and this month’s results.

Ask us. If you would like to discuss how this split bears on a specific portfolio, or how we will mark these tests as the evidence arrives, we would be glad to talk. Write to us at insights@tscapital.sg.
About this publication. A 简体中文 edition is published alongside this one and is not a translation of it. Touchstone Market Intelligence is produced by Touchstone Asset Management Pte. Ltd., licensed by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (CMS101936) for fund management, for Accredited and Institutional Investors. Not advice. This document is general commentary on market developments. It is not investment advice, not a recommendation, and not an offer or solicitation to buy or sell any security. It does not take account of the objectives, financial situation or needs of any person. Any decision should follow a suitability discussion with your adviser. Companies named. Companies are named only to illustrate how a group of shares has behaved; they are examples, not a complete list. Naming a company is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold it, and says nothing about whether Touchstone or its clients own it. Method. Universe: S&P 500 constituents as listed by Financial Modeling Prep (FMP) on 11 October 2026 (503 share lines). “The ten largest” by FMP market value at the 9 October close, which may differ slightly from the index’s float-adjusted weights. Breadth = share lines priced lower than at the start date (257 of 499 since 27 February; 212 of 499 this year). S&P 500 Equal Weight = the Invesco S&P 500 Equal Weight ETF (RSP). Price changes from FMP closes on 31 December 2025, 27 February 2026 and 9 October 2026, dividends excluded; three recent spin-offs without year-end prices are left out of return figures. Groups start from FMP industry labels, adjusted: AI hardware and power chain = semiconductors, computer hardware, communication equipment, hardware and parts, electrical equipment, engineering and construction, plus power-equipment and power-generation names FMP files elsewhere (GE Vernova, Eaton, Constellation Energy, Vistra, NRG Energy); rate-sensitive = other utilities, real estate, homebuilders, home improvement, construction materials; AI software and security = CrowdStrike, Palo Alto Networks, Fortinet, F5, Palantir, Datadog, Twilio, Cadence, Synopsys, Oracle; AI’s suspected victims = application software sold per user, IT services and consulting, data, ratings and credit-score providers, Omnicom, Uber, Booking; financials = banks, brokers, insurers, card companies, asset managers, exchanges and payment processors (Berkshire Hathaway sits in the ten largest); household spending = other consumer companies; health, industry, materials and media = the rest. Groups are set by what drives each share price, not by vendor labels alone. Earnings dates and analysts’ estimates: company calendars and consensus via FMP at 9 October; dates can move. Profits = adjusted earnings per share as reported via FMP; group totals weight each company by its current share count. These are our calculations and approximations. Sources and limitations. FMP prices, market values, reported earnings and BLS data series; Alpha Vantage monthly closes for RSP and SPY; FactSet Earnings Insight (John Butters, 28 August and 9 October 2026); thetrading.tools Bullish Percent Index (9 October close); US Energy Information Administration (5 October); University of Michigan (October preliminary); The Conference Board (29 September); Freddie Mac (8 October); S&P Global flash PMI (23 September); Reuters (Netflix, 17 July); Pharmacy Times (drug-pricing deals, 19 December 2025); The Wall Street Journal, Heard on the Street (6 January 2026); STAT (Medicare Advantage rates, 6 April 2026); Yahoo Finance (Centene, 28 April); 24/7 Wall St. (Humana, 9 October); Trefis (Merck, 18 September); The Motley Fool (Boston Scientific, 29 May); company filings and releases (UnitedHealth, Eli Lilly, GE Aerospace, Northrop Grumman, Nucor, Freeport-McMoRan, Charter); ICR (medtech, 23 July); Construction Dive (Caterpillar, 10 August); Reuters via The Star (SpaceX spectrum, 9 October); market reporting on the robotaxi, AI-travel-agent and IT-services concerns (TipRanks, Investing.com, eToro, TIKR, The Motley Fool); US Treasury yields via FMP. Figures move daily; verify before relying on any number here. Past episodes are not a guide to future returns. The framework, reasoning and conclusions are our own. Disclosure. Touchstone uses AI tools, including Anthropic’s Claude, in research and drafting. Layer-A general market commentary: companies and sectors are named only as examples of public market behaviour; no security is named as a holding and no position is implied. Prepared under named human editorial control; AI tools were used in research and drafting under that supervision. Touchstone Asset Management Pte. Ltd. · Market Intelligence · MI-050, 11 October 2026. © 2026 Touchstone Asset Management. All rights reserved.
拓石资产管理 · TOUCHSTONE ASSET MANAGEMENT PTE. LTD. · CMS101936 · MARKET INTELLIGENCE MI-050 · 11 OCTOBER 2026 · insights@tscapital.sg
市场洞察 · 仅供合格及机构投资者
MAS 资本市场服务牌照编号 CMS101936 · 基金管理
2026年10月11日 · 市场洞察 · MI-050 · 公开版

其余490家:估值被压,盈利未坏

  • 发生了什么?自2月下旬伊朗战事爆发以来,标普500屡创新高,但超过一半的成分股下跌。
  • 我们核查了什么?十大权重股之外的490家公司。
  • 它们的盈利在下滑吗?多数没有,“主街”公司过去一年盈利增长约9%。
  • 那么下跌的是什么?估值,即市场愿意为这些盈利支付的价格。
  • 为何重要?这决定了其余个股补涨需要什么条件。

导读:大多数美股是“估值变便宜了”,而不是“基本面坏掉了”。

本期看点:如何解读这些数字;490家公司分组拆解;承压板块与知名公司;盈利核查;软件、金融及医疗、工业、材料与传媒板块拆解,附本月财报看点;对美国经济的含义;历次窄幅行情如何收场;缺口收敛的四条路径;关键指标;对投资组合的意义。

【立场】

  • 分化:自2月27日(美以对伊朗动武前的最后一个交易日)以来,标普500上涨13.5%,但超过一半的成分股下跌。
  • “其余”并非铁板一块:
    • 490家中54家芯片、硬件与电力设备公司:年内上涨约87%
    • 10家AI软件与网络安全公司:上涨约30%
    • 油气:上涨45%
    • 其余405家(“主街”,约占指数43%):基本持平(+0.5%)
  • 并非盈利衰退:主街过去一年盈利增长约9%,五家中有四家实现增长。
  • 估值受压:市盈率由年初约21倍降至约19倍,10年期美债收益率站上5%是主要压制因素。
  • 真实压力集中在两处:住房链与承压的消费者。
  • 对投资者:补涨不必等待经济拐点,首要条件是长端利率回落;目前这一触发条件尚未出现。
通俗说明:如何解读这些数字
  • 标普500(市值加权):市场最常引用的指数,前十大成分股约占四成,反映巨头的表现。
  • 标普500等权指数:同样500只成分股,每只权重约0.2%,反映平均成分股的表现。
  • 市场广度:一段时间内上涨与下跌的成分股家数。
  • 看涨百分比指数(Bullish Percent):统计个股走势处于上升趋势的比例
    • 按简易点数图规则标记“买入”或“卖出”信号,每只股票只算一次
    • 高于70:多数股票已在上涨,后劲有限
    • 低于30:多数已破位,抛压或已基本释放
    • 信号在于从区间拐出,而非读数本身
    • 当前:读数约28,即4,756只美股中有1,313只(27.6%)处于走势上升趋势,约七成处于下降趋势(thetrading.tools,10月9日收盘),处于30以下的超卖区间
    • 此处“买入”“卖出”为走势图信号,并非分析师评级
  • 本文“490家”:剔除市值最大的十家后余下的公司(共492条股票线,因个别公司有两类股份上市);目前十大权重股为芯片、云计算与平台巨头,外加伯克希尔·哈撒韦。
1 · 分化
  • 标普500:+13.5%
  • 标普500等权指数:+3.9%
  • 市场广度:超过一半下跌
2月27日(伊朗战事前最后收盘)至10月9日,仅计价格
2 · 谁在拉动
  • 十大权重股约占指数四成
  • 贡献2月27日以来涨幅的63%
  • 贡献年内涨幅的45%
3 · 广度
  • 42%的成分股年内下跌
  • 38%较12个月高点回撤超过20%
  • 站上200日均线的不足一半
4 · 意外之处
  • 405家“主街”公司:
  • 过去一年盈利+9%
  • 年内股价+0.5%
  • 估值21倍→19倍

记分牌:指数创新高,多数个股掉队

标普500、等权指数与市场广度(价格涨跌,%)自2月27日(伊朗战事前最后收盘)至10月9日标普500+13.5%标普500等权指数+3.9%市场广度:499只成分股中257只下跌(51.5%)年初至今(12月31日至10月9日)标普500+14.2%标普500等权指数+11.2%市场广度:499只成分股中212只下跌(42.5%)来源:FMP收盘价,2026年10月9日;不含股息。
同一个市场,两个指数。2月27日以来,标普500较标普500等权指数多涨约10个百分点,且超过一半的标普500成分股下跌。
三个数字(2月27日以来)
  • 标普500(市值加权):+13.5%,反映巨头的表现。
  • 标普500等权指数:+3.9%,反映平均成分股的表现。
  • 市场广度:499只成分股中257只下跌,超过一半;年初以来为212只,约四成。
  • 解读:前两者相差约10个百分点,且市场广度为负,说明指数由少数公司拉动。
  • 缺口随战事拉开:标普500等权指数相对标普500于2月27日见顶,此后相对跌幅约9%。
  • 传导路径是油价与利率:战事推升油价、通胀预期与债券收益率,主街承压远甚于巨头;但这并非唯一原因,AI景气与美联储9月加息同样起作用。
  • 标普500等权指数相对标普500处于23年来最弱:9月末等权基金相对指数的月末读数,为2003年该基金成立以来最低。
  • 并非新现象,只是更深:标普500等权指数自2014年起持续跑输标普500,2023年以来明显加速。
标普500等权指数相对标普500的走势(2014年底=100)70809010020032005200720092011201320152017201920212023202526年2月26年9月10086767770来源:Alpha Vantage月度复权收盘价(RSP、SPY,含股息),每年12月末,另加2026年2月、9月;我方计算。
十年来“大者恒大”。按年末读数,该比值于2014年底见顶,目前低约30%;两次明显回升分别出现在2008至2009年危机之后,以及2022年利率快速上行、大市值公司首当其冲之时。

490家其实是三个市场

组别公司数占标普500市值年初至今2月27日以来
十大权重股1040%+16%+23%
AI硬件与电力设备链
芯片、服务器、光通信、数据存储、网络设备与电力设备
5411%+87%+55%
AI软件与网络安全
网络安全、AI与数据工具、甲骨文
103%+30%+63%
油气213%+45%+17%
“主街”:其余所有公司40543%+0.5%−2.1%

按市值加权;FMP市值与价格,10月9日;不含股息;“主街”为407条股票线。

  • 与直觉相反的事实:按市值计,490家年内上涨约13%,与十大权重股的16%相差不大,但这一合计掩盖了两轮景气。
  • AI景气远不止十只股票:
    • 芯片与芯片设备:迈威尔科技+224% · AMD+184% · 英特尔+184% · 应用材料+97% · 泛林集团+86%
    • 光通信(在AI芯片之间传输数据的光纤与激光器件):Lumentum+199% · Ciena+92% · 康宁+79% · Coherent+69%
    • 服务器、网络与存储:闪迪+566% · 戴尔+366% · 希捷+184% · Arista Networks+65% · 思科+54%
    • 数据中心电力:Bloom Energy+223% · Quanta Services+67% · GE Vernova+54% · 维谛技术+50% · 伊顿+35%
    • AI软件与网络安全:飞塔+145% · CrowdStrike+135% · Palo Alto Networks+127% · Datadog+116%
  • 油价红利:马拉松原油+180% · 瓦莱罗+166% · 埃克森美孚+40% · 雪佛龙+39%
  • 真正的“其余”是主街:405家公司中约一半年内下跌。
年初至今股价表现,按组别(市值加权,%)AI硬件与电力设备链54家 · 占指数约11%+86.9%油气21家 · 约3%+45.1%AI软件与网络安全10家 · 约3%+29.8%十大权重股10家 · 约40%+16.1%医疗、工业、材料、传媒约166家 · 约19%+5.1%居民消费76家 · 约7%+1.6%金融72家 · 约10%0%利率敏感:公用事业、地产、住房67家 · 约4%−3.5%被视为AI受害者:软件、服务、数据24家 · 约2%−22.1%来源:FMP;2025年12月31日至2026年10月9日;不含股息;分组方法见文末。
“其余”内部的分化:从硬件与电力设备链的+87%,到市场担心被AI替代的服务与软件公司的−22%。

主街内部:压力在哪里(知名公司示例)

板块年内股价 · 最新季度盈利同比原因
住房链
  • 家得宝 −16% · 盈利+5%
  • 劳氏 −23% · +2%
  • 莱纳 −25% · −39%
  • NVR −19% · −23%
  • 按揭利率接近7.4%
  • 购房者减少
  • 建筑商盈利下滑
承压的消费者
  • 耐克 −46% · −2%(营收−4%)
  • 露露乐蒙 −55% · −6%
  • 通用磨坊 −31% · −13%
  • 麦当劳 −23% · +6%
  • 百事 −12% · +2%
  • 汽油约每加仑4.35美元,较上年高约1.2美元
  • 消费者信心逼近历史低位
  • 消费降级:沃尔玛持平、开市客+10%、塔吉特+57%
  • 局部盈利下滑
类债券股
  • 2月27日以来:杜克能源 −11% · 盈利+14%
  • 南方电力 −12% · +24%
  • 新纪元能源 −18% · +10%
  • Realty Income −19%
  • 稳定派息股走势近似债券
  • 收益率上行,股价承压
  • 是估值问题,不是盈利问题
前景受疑:被颠覆
  • Adobe −31% · +15%
  • 财捷 −54% · +47%
  • IBM −23% · +5%
  • 埃森哲 −22% · +9%
  • 缤客控股 −25% · +14%
  • 优步 −13% · +29%
  • 担心AI工具替代软件与咨询业务
  • 担心AI代理绕开在线旅行平台订票
  • 担心无人驾驶出租车绕开优步
  • 埃森哲6月18日下调指引后单日下跌18%
  • 盈利增长,质疑的是未来
前景受疑:增长见顶
  • 奈飞 −25% · +11%(营收+13%)
  • 与YouTube及社交媒体争夺观众时间
  • 7月业绩指引令市场失望
  • 增长空间收窄
对照:表现稳健
  • Visa +10% · 万事达 +3%
  • 摩根大通 +3% · 花旗 +11%
  • 可口可乐 +26% · 开市客 +10%
  • 礼来 +10% · 联合健康 +15%
  • 股价随盈利同步
  • 主街并非全线下跌

股价:FMP,2025年12月31日(或标注的2月27日)至2026年10月9日。盈利:最新已公布季度经调整每股收益与上年同期对比,数据经FMP。所列原因为市场普遍报道的担忧,并非我们的预测。

衰退还是估值重估?盈利核查

股价跌了,盈利没跌:年初至今股价 vs 过去12个月每股盈利股价(年初至今)盈利(近12个月,同比)利率敏感:公用事业、地产、住房市盈率 22.7→20.8倍−4%+5%居民消费23.9→22.4倍+2%+9%被视为AI受害者22.7→16.7倍−22%+6%金融18.2→15.6倍0%+17%医疗、工业、材料、传媒21.4→21.2倍+5%+5%“主街”合计(405家)21.1→19.4倍+0%+9%对照:AI硬件与电力设备链30.4→39.6倍+87%+43%对照:AI软件与网络安全46.1→50.3倍+30%+19%来源:FMP;盈利为公司公布的经调整每股收益,近四个季度合计 vs 截至2025年底的四个季度;按市值汇总。
每组上下对照:深蓝为股价,金色为盈利增速;金色长于深蓝,说明投资者为每一美元盈利支付的价格低于年初。唯有两组AI板块相反。
  • 盈利守住,估值没有守住:
    • 主街盈利:过去一年+9%
    • 主街股价:年内+0.5%
    • 估值:约21倍→19倍
  • 五家中有四家增长:
    • 半数主街公司过去四个季度盈利增长约9%或以上
    • 81%的公司实现增长
  • 第二来源印证:
    • 盈利数据机构FactSet:二季度标普500中七大科技股以外的公司盈利增长31.8%
    • 该口径包含芯片与油气的景气
  • 但增速在放缓:
    • 主街:半数公司本季度预计盈利增长约7%或以上
    • 居民消费类+5% · 类债券股+4%
    • FactSet三季度行业预测(10月9日):必需消费+3.1% · 金融+3.0% · 医疗保健+4.2% · 公用事业+7.0%
    • 对照:信息技术+65% · 能源+121%
  • 估值偏高之处并不在多数人关注的地方:
    • 十大权重股:年内估值反而下降,盈利增速快于股价(其中两家计入所持AI实验室股权的一次性收益)
    • 490家内部的AI硬件与电力设备链:约30倍→40倍
    • AI软件与网络安全:约46倍→50倍;其中网络安全约57倍→115倍
  • 差距最大:疑似AI受害者。
    • 盈利增长约6%,股价却下跌约22%,相差28个百分点
    • 估值下调约四分之一(22.7倍→16.7倍),为各组最深
    • 市场下调的是它们的未来,而非当下

软件与服务内部:市场在甄别,而非一概抛售

软件与服务:年初至今股价(市值加权,%)网络安全盈利+15% · 估值57→115倍+133%AI与数据工具盈利+26% · 估值约82倍不变+27%数据、评级与信用评分盈利+11% · 33→23倍−21%IT服务与咨询盈利+7% · 22→16倍−23%按用户收费的软件盈利+24% · 26→16倍−24%甲骨文盈利+17% · 28→18倍−27%来源:FMP;盈利为近12个月经调整每股收益同比;估值为年初→当前市盈率。
同一行业,两种判决。各组盈利均在增长,股价却按“AI会帮谁、会取代谁”分道扬镳。
  • AI把软件业一分为二:
    • 受追捧:网络安全+133% · AI与数据工具+27%
    • 遭抛售:按用户收费的软件−24% · IT服务−23% · 数据与评级−21% · 甲骨文−27%
  • 差距最大的是按用户收费的软件:
    • Salesforce · ServiceNow · Workday · Adobe · 财捷 · 欧特克
    • 盈利+24%,股价−24%;估值26倍→16倍
    • 市场担心:AI代理减少了需要软件授权的人数
  • 网络安全已按完美预期定价:
    • CrowdStrike · Palo Alto Networks · 飞塔:盈利+15%,估值约57倍→115倍
    • 市场逻辑:AI越普及,需要防护的就越多
  • 财报看点:
    • IBM 10月21日 · 飞塔、ServiceNow 10月28日 · Palantir 11月2日 · Datadog 11月5日
    • Workday、欧特克 11月24日 · CrowdStrike 12月1日 · Salesforce 12月2日 · 甲骨文、Adobe 12月9日 · 埃森哲 12月17日
    • 分析师预期(中位数,同比):按用户收费的软件+10% · 网络安全+16% · IT服务+4%
    • 检验:按用户收费的软件若营收仍在增长,说明抛售过度;网络安全需要明显超预期,才撑得住百倍估值

金融内部:高利率让一些公司受益,也让一些公司受伤

金融:年初至今股价(市值加权,%)托管与交易平台盈利+23% · 20→21倍+31%寿险盈利+9% · 约10倍+11%银行卡组织盈利+14% · 33→30倍+7%财产险盈利+37% · 12→9倍+4%地区银行盈利+3% · 约13倍+2%券商与投行盈利+26% · 20→16倍+2%大型银行盈利+18% · 16→13.5倍+1%交易所盈利+14% · 26→23倍−3%支付处理商盈利+2% · 12→11倍−11%保险经纪盈利+8% · 21→17倍−13%信用卡放贷机构盈利+9% · 17→13倍−17%另类资产管理盈利+10% · 25→17倍−25%来源:FMP;不含伯克希尔·哈撒韦(属十大权重股);盈利为近12个月经调整每股收益同比。
同样的利率,相反的影响。靠存量资金与活跃市场赚钱的业务上涨;与并购交易、私募信贷及承压消费者相关的业务下跌。
  • 金融板块整体:估值被压,盈利未坏。
    • 72家公司,约占指数10%
    • 年内股价持平(2月27日以来+8%);盈利+17%
    • 估值18倍→16倍
  • 受益于高利率与活跃市场:
    • 托管与交易平台(纽约梅隆银行、道富、北方信托、盈透证券):+31%
    • 寿险(大都会人寿+25%):+11%,新买入债券收益更高
  • 承压:
    • 另类资产管理(黑石、KKR、阿波罗):−25%,私募信贷基金赎回申请增加,叠加AI数据中心敞口
    • 信用卡放贷机构(美国运通、第一资本、Synchrony):−17%,消费者承压
    • 支付处理商(Fiserv、PayPal、FIS):−11%,盈利几乎停滞,属经营问题而非AI冲击
  • 财报看点,本周开始:
    • 10月13日:摩根大通 · 富国银行 · 花旗 · 高盛
    • 10月14日:美国银行 · 摩根士丹利 · 道富 · 前进保险
    • 10月15日:嘉信理财 · 纽约梅隆银行 · 美国合众银行 · PNC
    • 10月20日至23日:第一资本、Synchrony(20日) · 黑石(22日) · 美国运通(23日)
    • 分析师预期(同比):摩根大通+17% · 花旗+42% · 富国银行+7% · 高盛、摩根士丹利+5% · 美国银行+4%
    • 检验:高利率拖慢交易之际,交易与投行收入能否守住;信用卡坏账是否开始上升

医疗、工业、材料与传媒内部:四种不同的故事

医疗、工业、材料与传媒:年初至今股价(市值加权,%)矿业与钢铁盈利+56% · 22→18.5倍+34%大型药企盈利持平 · 20→24.5倍+19%医疗保险盈利持平 · 13→15倍+17%建筑与设备盈利+9% · 26→28倍+16.5%交通运输盈利+3% · 19.5→21.5倍+15%实验室工具与诊断盈利+7% · 27→28倍+12%化工盈利+8% · 约24倍+10%航空航天与国防盈利+16% · 32.5→27倍−5%娱乐盈利+10% · 27→20倍−15%有线电视与电信盈利−2% · 10→9倍−16%医疗器械盈利+6% · 26→20倍−19%来源:FMP;盈利为近12个月经调整每股收益同比;估值为年初→当前市盈率。
预期、建设与金属走强;器械、国防与传媒走弱。医疗与交通运输的涨幅超过盈利增速;矿业则随盈利同步上涨。
  • 板块整体:
    • 166家公司,约占指数19%
    • 年内股价+5%;盈利+5%;估值维持约21倍
  • 医疗:正在修复,但更多靠预期而非盈利。
    • 大型药企+19%(默沙东+38% · 安进+27% · 强生+26% · 艾伯维+21%):盈利持平,部分受并购费用拖累;估值20倍→24.5倍;礼来营收+48%(Mounjaro、Zepbound)
    • 原因:2025年12月与白宫达成的药价协议,换来对拟议药品关税为期三年的暂缓;新药获批与临床成功提振预期(如默沙东的降胆固醇口服药)
    • 医疗保险+17%(Humana+68% · Centene+59% · 联合健康+15%):2027年联邦医疗保险支付费率上调(4月)、Humana计划评级改善(10月9日)、Centene医保交易所保费上涨
    • 医疗器械−19%(波士顿科学−55% · 直觉外科−25% · 雅培−21% · 史赛克−21%):盈利+6%,估值26倍→20倍;波士顿科学5月警示Watchman心脏植入器械销售或将停滞;直觉外科美国手术量增速由14%放缓至12%
    • 同一行业,盈利方向相反:保险公司的理赔支出,正是器械公司的销售收入。保险公司在修复利润率(联合健康用于医疗支出的保费占比由89.4%降至86.7%);器械公司仍在增长,但市场愿意为增长支付的价格下降
  • 工业:市场为建设买单,而非国防。
    • 建筑与设备+17%:卡特彼勒+40%(二季度工程机械销售+35%;数据中心对其发电机组与燃气轮机需求强劲) · 迪尔+33% · 联合租赁+31%
    • 交通运输+15%:CSX+30% · 联邦快递+25% · 联合太平洋+20%;UPS−5%
    • 航空航天与国防−5%,战事期间仍下跌:诺斯罗普·格鲁曼−16% · 波音−12%;盈利+16%,估值32.5倍→27倍
    • 问题不在需求:GE航空航天上调全年指引(二季度营收+24%),诺斯罗普·格鲁曼订单储备创纪录达1,050亿美元;下跌的是估值,而非业务
  • 材料:盈利实打实增长。
    • 矿业与钢铁+34%:纽柯钢铁+53% · 自由港麦克莫兰+45% · 纽蒙特+18%;盈利+56%
    • 主要靠价格而非销量:纽柯钢铁预计三季度每股盈利约5.60美元,较上年翻倍,源于钢价上涨;自由港预计铜价高于每磅6.50美元。这里的低估值建立在未必持久的金属价格之上
    • 其中也有AI因素:数据中心及为其供电的电网都大量用铜,林德则为芯片工厂供应工业气体。与卡特彼勒一样,这些AI受益者并未计入我们的AI分组,因此我们的数据若有偏差,也是低估了AI景气
    • 化工较为平稳,+10%(林德+13%)
  • 传媒与电信:普遍疲弱。
    • 有线电视与电信−16%:特许通讯−50% · T-Mobile−27% · 康卡斯特−26%;威瑞森+2%
    • 有线电视在流失用户(特许通讯二季度宽带用户减少17.2万)。移动通信出现新威胁:10月9日SpaceX同意收购全国性频谱(约80亿美元),T-Mobile、威瑞森与AT&T随之下跌5%至7%
    • 娱乐−15%:奈飞−25% · 迪士尼−5%;Live Nation+20%;奈飞仍在增长(二季度营收+13%),但业绩指引令市场失望
  • 财报看点:
    • 10月13日:强生 · 联合健康
    • 10月20日至22日:GE航空航天、RTX、诺斯罗普·格鲁曼、直觉外科、奈飞(20日) · 雅培、Elevance、赛默飞世尔、CSX、AT&T(21日) · 洛克希德·马丁、联合太平洋、纽蒙特、康卡斯特(22日)
    • 10月26日至30日:纽柯钢铁(26日) · 自由港麦克莫兰、Centene、波音(27日) · 波士顿科学(28日) · 默沙东、礼来(29日) · 艾伯维(30日);卡特彼勒11月4日
    • 分析师预期(中位数,同比):大型药企−11% · 医疗保险−13% · 建筑与设备+13% · 矿业与钢铁+78%
    • 板块整体的检验:估值下调对应的是暂时挫折(器械、国防、奈飞),还是持久损伤(有线电视)?医疗的更高估值能否在财报中兑现?

490家公司折射的美国经济

  • 双速经济:数据中心、电力与芯片的资本开支热潮叠加油价红利,与承压的居民部门并存。
  • 居民部门:
    • 汽油约每加仑4.35美元,较上年高约1.23美元(美国能源信息署,10月5日)
    • 密歇根大学消费者信心10月初值46.3,接近5月44.8的历史低点;高物价与高融资成本下,大件商品购买意愿“急剧下滑”
    • 世界大型企业联合会9月消费者信心81.9,为2014年4月以来最低
    • 30年期按揭利率7.40%(房地美,10月8日)
  • 就业:
    • 招聘近乎停滞:9月新增就业2.9万人,失业率4.2%
    • 裁员尚未开始:截至10月3日当周首次申领失业救济19.7万人,接近本轮周期低位
  • 企业部门:标普全球9月综合PMI初值58.4,为约五年来最强,主要由资本开支带动。
  • 因此,“衰退”集中在住房链与承压消费两处,而非整体经济;在股市上更多体现为估值下调,而非盈利下滑。
  • 另有一项拖累与经济周期无关:AI本身被视为服务与软件公司的威胁,降息无法化解。

历次“窄幅行情”如何收场

时段 · 当时背景窄幅阶段:标普500等权指数 vs 标普500收场方式触发因素
2015至2016年中国经济放缓、人民币意外贬值(2015年8月);油价由约100美元跌破30美元;美联储近十年来首次加息(2015年12月)2015年6月至2016年2月:−7.6% vs −4.9%补涨:至2016年12月 +20.1% vs +18.0%油价见底,增长回升
2018年美联储加息并缩表;中美贸易战;年末急跌9月至12月:−13.9% vs −13.5%同步下跌美联储仍在加息
2020至2021年新冠封锁;“宅经济”赢家飙升;疫苗(2020年11月)推动经济重启2019年12月至2020年9月:−4.8% vs +5.6%最大一次补涨:至2021年5月 +40.9% vs +26.4%疫苗消息;收益率因增长回升而上行
2022年通胀创40年新高;美联储上世纪80年代以来最快加息;俄乌冲突爆发2021年底前持续收窄同步下跌,龙头跌更多:−11.6% vs −18.2%通胀;10年期收益率由约1.5%升至约4%
2023年ChatGPT点燃AI行情与“七巨头”;美国地区银行倒闭(2023年3月);10年期收益率触及5%7月至10月:−11.9% vs −8.3%补涨两个月:至12月 +16.6% vs +14.1%10年期收益率在5%附近见顶回落
2024至2025年AI景气扩散;日元套息交易平仓(2024年8月);DeepSeek冲击AI龙头(2025年1月);美国“解放日”关税(2025年4月)2024年年中及2025年1月前收窄短暂补涨后同步下跌(2024年8月、2025年4月)降息预期;随后日元交易平仓与关税冲击
2026年(当前)2月28日起美以与伊朗开战;布伦特油价高于100美元;美联储再度加息(9月);AI资本开支全速推进2月至9月:+2.7% vs +12.0%尚未收场油价、通胀与政府举债推升收益率

等权标普500基金(RSP)对标普500基金(SPY),含股息月末收盘价(Alpha Vantage);我方计算。

  • 窄幅行情不会自行结束:每次都由外部因素终结,或是增长超预期,或是债券收益率见顶,或是一轮下跌。
  • 收益率决定方向。
    • 向上收敛(其余补涨):收益率见顶(2023年),或因增长改善而上行(2016年、2020至2021年)
    • 向下收敛(同步下跌):收益率因通胀或加息而上行(2018年、2022年)
    • 当前属于后者:油价、通胀与政府举债
    • 与2022年的区别:主街盈利仍在增长
  • 大幅下跌中,标普500等权指数跌幅不大于标普500。

其余个股能否补涨?四条路径与我们的核查

路径所需条件核查结论观察信号
1. 其余补涨长端收益率回落
  • 类债券股率先:盈利增长,估值已降约8%
  • 需要10年期回到5%以下
  • 目前尚未出现
看涨百分比指数自30以下拐头;标普500等权指数跑赢标普500
2. 龙头回落、其余企稳2000至2001年形态AI资本开支放缓
  • 估值偏高之处在490家内部(硬件链约40倍)
  • 一旦失速,“490家”同样受伤
芯片股持续“业绩好、股价跌”
3. 同步下跌2018/2022年形态通胀或加息推升收益率
  • 与当前收益率上行性质最接近
  • 2018与2022年标普500等权指数跌幅不大于标普500
恐慌指数VIX跳升,同时标普500等权指数下跌
4. 僵持无外部冲击
  • 基准情形
  • 2023年以来每次补涨仅维持一至两个月
缺口持续
我们的研判
  • 其余个股是估值被压,而非基本面恶化:主街多数公司盈利仍在增长。
  • 补涨不必先等经济拐点:需要的是长端利率回落,同时盈利在放缓中保持增长。
  • 触发条件目前未现:10年期收益率5.24%,美联储9月加息。
  • 基准情形为僵持:但收益率一旦拐头,缺口可以快速收敛,2023年末标普500等权指数两个月上涨16.6%。
  • 需警惕的风险在490家内部:AI硬件与电力设备链市盈率约40倍,网络安全超过100倍。

什么情况下我们会调整判断

  • 主街盈利普遍转跌:则是衰退前兆而非估值重估,补涨需经济先行好转。
  • 收益率回落而缺口继续扩大:则分化源于AI赢家与输家,而非利率。
  • AI链盈利持续快于股价:其估值可在不下跌的情况下自行消化。
反方证据
  • 盈利预期在上调而非下调:分析师在季度内上调三季度预测,116家公司中创纪录的72家给出积极指引(FactSet);历史上这往往先于进一步上调。
  • 若主街盈利重新提速,温和补涨无需依赖收益率回落。
  • 盈利数据为公司自行公布的经调整口径:一次性项目会影响个别公司,我们采用分组合计与家数统计,而非个案。
  • 便宜可以持续:1998至2000年的缺口持续约两年才收敛。
关键指标:10年期美债收益率
  • 当前:5.24%(10月9日),5月为4.45%。
  • 回到5%以下:路径一开启,盈利完好的类债券股率先受益。
  • 因通胀消息继续上行:路径三风险上升,主街估值折价进一步加深。
  • 为何比个股信号更重要:它决定了市场为主街盈利给予的估值。
  • 对美国以外投资者:收益率高企期间,美元现金收益约4%,等待期间是现实的替代选择;非美元投资者还需承担汇率波动。

检验要点

问题观察依据含义
10年期收益率能否回到5%以下?
11月至12月
美国国债收盘收益率
  • 是:补涨从类债券股开始。
  • 否:僵持延续。
主街盈利能否守住?
财报季,10月13日至11月中
半数公司增速是否达到预期的约7%
  • 守住:“估值被压、盈利未坏”成立。
  • 普遍下滑:估值挤压演变为盈利衰退。
市场广度能否拐头?
每周
处于上升趋势的美股占比回到约32%以上(目前约28%)
  • 是:补涨启动。
  • 否:缺口延续。
汽油价格能否回落?
每周
美国零售油价回到每加仑4美元以下
  • 是:承压消费者获得喘息。
  • 否:居民消费板块持续承压。
芯片股是否继续“业绩好、股价跌”?
10月15日起
台积电(10月15日),随后10月下旬云计算公司
  • 接连出现:路径二风险上升。
  • 超预期获得奖励:景气仍有空间。

对投资组合的意义

先看清指数基金的构成:

  • 标普500基金:约四成集中在十家公司,另有约14%在AI硬件、软件与电力
  • 集中度远高于“500只”给人的印象

关键不在“巨头还是其余”,而在于股价为何下跌。可分五类:

  • 一、估值下调、盈利完好:收益率回落时最先修复
    • 代表:杜克能源 · 南方电力 · 新纪元能源 · 美国水务 · Realty Income
    • 原因:稳定派息,股价跟随10年期收益率
  • 二、盈利停滞或下滑:需要居民部门复苏,而不仅是降息
    • 住房:家得宝 · 劳氏 · 莱纳
    • 消费:耐克 · 露露乐蒙 · 麦当劳 · 百事 · 通用磨坊
    • 原因:估值下调本身并不等于便宜
  • 三、前景受疑:降息无法化解
    • 被颠覆:Salesforce · ServiceNow · Workday · Adobe · 财捷 · IBM · 埃森哲 · 缤客控股 · 优步
    • 增长见顶:奈飞
    • 原因:盈利增长,但市场怀疑其可持续性
  • 四、按景气定价:最易受挫
    • 代表:戴尔 · AMD · 泛林集团 · 应用材料 · Lumentum · 康宁 · Arista Networks · GE Vernova · 维谛技术 · 伊顿 · CrowdStrike · Palo Alto Networks
    • 原因:盈利高速增长,估值上升更快(AMD年内约57倍→106倍;泛林集团38倍→55倍;康宁37倍→55倍;网络安全57倍→115倍)
  • 五、股价随盈利同步:无需补涨
    • 代表:Visa · 万事达 · 摩根大通 · 开市客 · 沃尔玛 · 可口可乐 · 礼来
    • 原因:“其余个股补涨”之争与其无关

对多数投资组合而言,这是一张需要放在案头的地图,而非交易理由:一组有日期的检验,以10年期收益率和本月财报为先。

欢迎垂询。如希望探讨上述分化对具体投资组合的影响,或了解我们将如何随数据更新逐项检验,请来信 insights@tscapital.sg。
关于本刊。本中文版与英文版同步发布,并非英文版译本;如有歧义,概以英文版本为准。拓石市场洞察由拓石资产管理有限公司(Touchstone Asset Management Pte. Ltd.)编制,该公司持有新加坡金融管理局颁发的资本市场服务牌照(CMS101936),从事基金管理业务,服务对象仅限合格投资者及机构投资者。 非投资建议。本文为一般性市场评论,不构成投资建议、推荐或买卖任何证券的要约或邀约,亦未考虑任何人士的投资目标、财务状况或特定需求。任何决定应在与顾问进行适当性讨论后作出。 提及公司。文中提及的公司仅用于说明某类股票的表现,属举例而非完整名单;提及某公司不构成买入、卖出或持有的建议,亦不说明拓石或其客户是否持有。 方法说明。样本为FMP于2026年10月11日列示的标普500成分股(503条股票线);“十大权重股”按10月9日收盘FMP市值排序,或与指数自身的自由流通市值权重略有差异。市场广度指价格低于起始日的股票线数目(2月27日以来499只中257只;年初以来212只)。标普500等权指数为景顺标普500等权ETF(RSP)。价格变动采用FMP于2025年12月31日、2026年2月27日及10月9日的收盘价,不含股息;三家近期分拆且无年末价格的公司未计入回报。分组以FMP行业分类为起点,按驱动股价的实际因素调整:AI硬件与电力设备链另含FMP归入其他行业的电力设备与发电公司(GE Vernova、伊顿、星座能源、Vistra、NRG能源);AI软件与网络安全为CrowdStrike、Palo Alto Networks、飞塔、F5、Palantir、Datadog、Twilio、楷登电子、新思科技、甲骨文;疑似AI受害者为按用户收费的应用软件、IT服务与咨询、数据评级与信用评分机构、宏盟集团、优步、缤客控股;金融为银行、券商、保险、信用卡公司、资产管理、交易所与支付处理商(伯克希尔·哈撒韦属十大权重股);居民消费为其余消费类公司;医疗、工业、材料与传媒为其余公司。财报日期与分析师预期取自FMP汇总的公司日程与一致预期(10月9日),日期可能变动。盈利为经FMP获取的公司经调整每股收益,分组合计按当前股本加权。以上均为我方计算与近似。 来源与局限。FMP价格、市值、公布盈利及美国劳工统计局数据序列;Alpha Vantage RSP与SPY月度收盘价;FactSet《Earnings Insight》(John Butters,2026年8月28日及10月9日);thetrading.tools看涨百分比指数(10月9日收盘);美国能源信息署(10月5日);密歇根大学(10月初值);世界大型企业联合会(9月29日);房地美(10月8日);标普全球PMI初值(9月23日);路透(奈飞,7月17日);Pharmacy Times(药价协议,2025年12月19日);《华尔街日报》Heard on the Street专栏(2026年1月6日);STAT(联邦医疗保险优势计划费率,2026年4月6日);Yahoo Finance(Centene,4月28日);24/7 Wall St.(Humana,10月9日);Trefis(默沙东,9月18日);The Motley Fool(波士顿科学,5月29日);公司公告与财报(联合健康、礼来、GE航空航天、诺斯罗普·格鲁曼、纽柯钢铁、自由港麦克莫兰、特许通讯);ICR(医疗器械,7月23日);Construction Dive(卡特彼勒,8月10日);路透经The Star转载(SpaceX频谱,10月9日);有关无人驾驶出租车、AI旅行代理及IT服务担忧的市场报道(TipRanks、Investing.com、eToro、TIKR、The Motley Fool);美国国债收益率经FMP。数据每日变动,引用前请核实。历史情形不代表未来回报。分析框架、推理与结论均为我方独立判断。 披露。拓石在研究与撰写中使用人工智能工具,包括Anthropic公司的Claude。 一般市场评论:文中公司与行业仅作为公开市场表现的示例,不涉及任何持仓,亦不暗示任何头寸。本文由具名人员行使编辑控制权,人工智能工具在其监督下用于研究与撰写。拓石资产管理有限公司 · 市场洞察 · MI-050 · 2026年10月11日。© 2026 拓石资产管理。版权所有。
拓石资产管理 · TOUCHSTONE ASSET MANAGEMENT PTE. LTD. · CMS101936 · 市场洞察 MI-050 · 2026年10月11日 · insights@tscapital.sg